When we say humans, the majority think that we are the sole ones that have ever walked this earth but the reality is that we are not only the human species to own ever lived. We are just the human species that survived.
Theory Of Evolution:
We share a standard ancestor that lived 7 million years ago and it's said that Chimpanzees are our closest living relatives. But especially these, we have got way closer relatives, hominids, who are not any longer living. And this can be proven by fossils. Let us see the various forms of the human species that have existed before us!
Types of Human Species:
1. Homo Habilis
2. Homo Erectus
3. Homo Gautengensis
4. Homo Neanderthalensis:
5. Homo Floresiensis:
6. Homo Rudolfensis:
7. Homo Heidelbergensis
8. Denisova Hominin
9. Homo Naledi
10. Homo Ergaster
11. Homo Antecessor
12. Homo Rhodesiensis
13. Homo Sapiens Idaltu
14. Homo sapiens sapiens
Evolution Of Homo Sapiens:
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There were 14 different species of humans within the world where 13 of them fully died except 'Homo sapiens'. Homo Sapiens were first described by 'Linnaeus' in the year '1758'. The word Homo literally means "wise man". Man is a component of a bunch called "Hominids".
These species first emerged in lower latitude regions in Africa around 200,000 years ago. They shared the trait of Bipedalism - that is the power to run upright on two legs. Scientists have several theories about why early hominids evolved. Let us discuss them!
Theories:
1) The Aridity Hypothesis:
This theory suggests that the early hominids were more suited to dry climates and evolved because Africa's 'Dry Savannah Regions' expanded.
2) The Savannah Hypothesis:
In keeping with this theory, the first tree-dwelling hominids would have been pushed out of their homes because the environmental changes caused the forest regions to shrink and therefore the size of the Savannah expanded.
These changes have caused them to adapt to living within the ground and walking upright rather than climbing.
Migration of Homo Sapiens:
These species first emerged in lower latitude regions in Africa around 200,000 years ago. They shared the trait of Bipedalism - that is the power to run upright on two legs. Scientists have several theories about why early hominids evolved. Let us discuss them!
Theories:
1) The Aridity Hypothesis:
This theory suggests that the early hominids were more suited to dry climates and evolved because Africa's 'Dry Savannah Regions' expanded.
2) The Savannah Hypothesis:
In keeping with this theory, the first tree-dwelling hominids would have been pushed out of their homes because the environmental changes caused the forest regions to shrink and therefore the size of the Savannah expanded.
These changes have caused them to adapt to living within the ground and walking upright rather than climbing.
Migration of Homo Sapiens:
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Homo Sapiens left Africa around 80, 000 years ago and migrated to Europe. Most of the researchers say that the Homo sapiens migrated in search of climates where more food was available. Homo sapiens are better adapted to the warm climate.
They developed the capacity for language about 50,000 years ago. Humans are the sole known species to possess successfully populated, adapted, and significantly altered a large style of land regions across the world resulting in profound historical and environmental impacts.
Physical Characteristics Of Homo Sapiens:
We the homo sapiens are taller with a median height of 175 cm and have a limited brow ridge with an enormous forehead. We had an outsized brain compared to any or all other primates aside from the "Homo Neanderthals". Human brains have different parts performing different functions. Modern humans developed superior intelligence and cognition.
Comparing to the other species, we the homo sapiens had thin bones and weak muscles. Early humans did not bury their dead and marked their graves but modern humans did develop such behaviors and society. Humans made tools using stones, sticks glue from plants, etc.
Conclusion:
Image Credit - unsplash.com
According to the book of Homo sapiens written by "Yuval Noah Harari", It is written that:
"Homo Sapiens rule the world because it is the only animal that can believe in things that purely exist in its own imagination".
This also portrays the power of our thoughts and how this can manifest into compelling concepts that define our existence.
Written By - Rincy Saj
Edited By - Daniel Deepak Charles
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