 |
| Source-Wikipedia |
The united nations was formed on 24th October 1945, California, United States. It was formed as a successor of the League of Nations which too was formed to promote peace in the world but it failed as World War II happened in 1939.
As World War II was about to end in 1945, nations were in ruins, and the world wanted peace. Representatives of 50 countries gathered at the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco, California from 25 April to 26 June 1945.
For the next two months, they proceeded to draft and then sign the UN Charter, which created a new international organization, the United Nations, which, it was hoped, would prevent another world war like the one they had just lived through.
The UN consists of many different structures and agencies. War and peace and differences between member states are discussed in the General Assembly as well as the Security Council.
Social and economic issues are dealt with by many agencies including the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the United Nations Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), among others.
Reform and improvement are fundamental to any organization to serve the needs of a changing environment. The UN is no exception. In recent years,
There have been demands for reform of the world body. However, there is
little clarity and consensus on the nature of reform.
Two basic kinds of reforms face the UN: reform of the organization’s
structures and processes; and a review of the issues that fall within the
jurisdiction of the organization. Almost everyone is agreed that both aspects of reform are necessary. What they cannot agree on is precisely what is to be done, how it is to be done, and when it is to be done.
Change is the law of Nature and no human and institutions are beyond this law of Nature. The UN was formed in 1945 and it had been 78 years that there had been no significant change in the UN, especially its Security Council.
However, during 1960's there had been reform at UNSC Non-Permanent Members Seat Expansion From 11 to 15. Although when initial vote took place no permanent member voted in favor of UNSC expansion. Because a need was felt for reform at that point otherwise the legitimacy of the Institution would have collapsed.
UNSC Permanent Seats are shared by Victor's Big five Allied powers i.e. USA, UK, France, Russia and China which somewhat share similar opinions.
The biggest issue with UNSC is Veto power that is to Negate a resolution. Veto power lies with P5 countries of UNSC which most of the time they use for their personal interest rather than interest of the World.
It seems quite astonishing that UN charter says that it is acting on behalf of we the people now we the people means all the people of world but then one/sixth of mankind i.e., India is not a Permanent Member at UNSC.
The geopolitical rivalry among the permanent members has prevented the UNSC from coming up with effective mechanisms to deal with global issues. Taking the current world order as an example, the P5 members: United States, Russia, and China are three poles on the periphery of the globe having several geopolitical issues revolving around them (Taiwan Issue and Russia-Ukraine War).
The UN was formed to prevent aggression, war and bloodshed in the World, but it is seen failing in its attempt. For instance, P5 countries of UNSC had many a time been seen as aggressor and violated the UN charter.
For instance, Russia invaded Crimea in 2014 and now in 2022 started an attack on Ukraine which is still ongoing and no Organization and State had been able to normalize it.
In Fact, the West led by United States had been provoking conflict by unilaterally declaring Russia responsible of aggression and bringing NATO to the doorstep of Russia as Finland joins NATO on 4 April,2023, which shares a 1340 km long border with Russia.
China another permanent UNSC member had been misused its VETO power to support its heinous crimes on humanity such as torture of Uyghur’s a minority Muslim Turkish ethnic group native to Xingjian, China also had been using its VETO power to save terrorists like Hafiz Saeed and other terrorist organization stationed in Pakistan.
Current global issues are complex, and interconnected. Lack of representation of geopolitical and geo-economically important countries is leaving out a large segment of global opinion to have a voice in the highest security summit.
India’s Role
India as the current one of the non-permanent members of the UNSC can start by drafting a resolution containing a comprehensive set of proposals for reforming the UNSC.
In September 2022, India made a push for UNSC reform, hosting a meeting of two separate groupings – G-4 and L-69 – in New York on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.
As India leads the Global South, it needs to revitalize its engagement with its traditional partners in the “global south” by articulating their peace and security concerns in the UNSC.
In order to cope up with the changing world and its aspirations reforms or change are required and that applies to the United Nations as well. The G4 is a grouping of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan which are aspiring to become permanent members of the UNSC.
The G4 countries are supporting each other's bids for permanent membership of the UNSC. The G4 nations traditionally meet on the sidelines of the annual high-level UN General Assembly session.
Written By: Ajit Chaudhary
Edited By: Akshita Bist
0 Comments